PSG has now won the prestigious cup on fourteen separate times.
Paris Saint-Germain required a dramatic leveler followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to overcome their arch-rivals in the Gulf and capture a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup title.
The European champions appeared to be coasting towards a comfortable triumph in the showdown between the Ligue 1 winners and the Coupe de France holders after Ousmane Dembele opened the scoring early on.
Yet, the southern French side struck twice late to seize a shock advantage. Initially, Mason Greenwood scored from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable turn of events, the Portuguese striker grabbed a crucial leveler in the final seconds to force the match into a penalty shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the hero, stopping decisive attempts from O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and Desire Doue all converted with composure for PSG to complete a convincing shootout win.
Now 14-time winners Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now lifted this trophy for the twelfth time in the past 13 seasons.